Cool Stars 14 - Submitted Abstract # 320
This version created on 05 October 2006

Mining the next generation of surveys for cool star science


David Pinfield, Centre for Astrophysics Research, University of Hertfordshire
Mike Liu, Institute for Astronomy, University of Hawaii
Hugh Jones, Centre for Astrophysics Research, University of Hertfordshire

Cool star science will benefit greatly in the near future from a variety 
of major new surveys that are just commencing, or about to start in the 
next few years. These surveys will have a large and broad impact both on 
cool star science, and the way cool star science is done. This splinter 
session is designed to educate the larger community about the survey 
resources soon to become widely available, and how these will change the 
field of cool stars.

New surveys such as GALEX, UKIDSS, and WISE will provide the community 
with multi-band UV-midIR wide-field imaging across much of the sky, and 
other new facilities such as Pan-STARRS, and SuperWASP (as well as GALEX) 
will explore time-domain science for cool stars.

These new facilities will allow extensive study of a large range of cool 
star phenomena, from very hot and violent coronal/flare activity, to 
extremely cool brown dwarfs with temperatures approaching the planetary 
regime. Time domain data will reveal information about cool stars in 
multiple systems and their fundamental properties (via the transit 
method), as well as the variability intrinsic to individual cool stars. 
Also, proper motion and parallax will become increasingly powerful 
discovery tools in some time domain surveys.

It is important that the cool star community is aware of these new 
capabilities, in order to take advantage of them in the most effective 
way. To this end, our proposed splinter session would be structured into 
three main sections:

A series of invited talks on cool star science with large-scale datasets 
generated by GALEX, SuperWASP, Pan-STARRS, UKIDSS and WISE.
A number of contributed talks focusing on new cool star research that is 
or will soon be exploiting large scale survey facilities.
The session will close with a summary/perspective, involving audience 
discussion about the impact of new surveys on cool star science.

website: http://star-www.herts.ac.uk/~dpi/cs14_splinter/splinter.html


Invited contributions:

SuperWASP

Speaker: Rachel Street

The science motivating the SuperWASP project is driven by, but not limited 
to, the search for transiting extra-solar planets. Two dedicated robotic 
observing stations, in La Palma and South Africa, host a complement of 8 
wide field (7.8 x 7.8 deg) cameras each and image a 487 sq deg area of sky 
in every exposure. A two-pronged observing strategy ensures high cadence 
'stare' imaging of ~12 selected fields throughout every clear night while 
'tile mode' observations provide data covering the whole sky once a night. 
I will discuss the potential of the extensive photometric database derived 
from these data, and address some of the issues associated with it, 
concluding with a summary of our results to date.


UKIDSS

Speaker: David Pinfield

The UK Infrared Deep Sky Survey (UKIDSS) is the next generation 
near-infrared sky survey, and successor to 2MASS. It consists of 5 
separate sub-surveys, each using a combination of the ZYJHK pass bands. 
The full project goal is to survey 7500 square degrees of the northern and 
equatorial sky. The survey instrument is WFCAM on the UK Infrared 
Telescope (UKIRT) in Hawaii, which has four 2048x2048 arrays, a pixel 
scale of 0.4 arcsec, and covers 0.21 sq. degs at once.

In this talk I will focus mainly on the UKIDSS Large Area Survey (LAS), 
which plans to cover 4000 sq degs of Sloan sky to depths approximately 
three magnitudes deeper than 2MASS. In the much larger survey volume we 
expect to probe lower Teff extremes, lower masses, and older low-mass 
stars and brown dwarfs, as well as finding much larger numbers of 
previously known populations. These larger samples should yield a cull of 
particularly interesting low-mass objects that could shed new light on our 
understanding of cool star and brown dwarf atmospheres.

Since UKIDSS began in May 2005 there have been two data releases, and 
there are third and fourth releases due early next year. These will take 
LAS coverage up to about 1000 sq degs. I will summarise some early 
discoveries from the first two releases, and present predictions of 
interesting populations of "benchmark objects" (ie cool stars and brown 
dwarfs whose properties are, by some means, well constrained) that could 
be identified in the future. These benchmark objects should allow us to 
improve our understanding of cool star and brown dwarf atmospheres, and 
help place constraints on the mass-age distribution of the low-mass disk 
population.


WISE

Speaker: J. Davy Kirkpatrick

The Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer (WISE) is a MIDEX mission to map 
the entire sky in four infrared bandpasses - 3.3, 4.7, 12, and 23 microns 
(um). The 7-month mission will use a 40-cm telescope and four-channel 
imager equipped with HgCdTe and Si:As 1024x1024 arrays to survey the sky 
from a circular orbit 500-km above the Earth. Launch is expected in 
November, 2009. Sensitivities will be half a million times that of 
COBE/DIRBE at 3.3 and 4.7 um and five hundred times that of IRAS at 12 and 
23 um. WISE will be particularly sensitive to brown dwarfs cooler than 
those presently known since deep absorption in the methane fundamental 
band at 3.3 um and a predicted 5-um overluminosity will produce uniquely 
red 3.3-to-4.7 um colors. For a limiting volume of 25 pc, WISE will 
completely inventory the Solar Neighborhood for brown dwarfs as cool as 
1000K. At 10 pc, the census will be complete to 500K. Assuming a field 
mass function with alpha=1, there could be one or more brown dwarfs warmer 
than 150K lying closer to the Sun than Proxima Centauri and detectable 
primarily at WISE wavelengths. WISE will be able to provide definitive 
estimates of the brown dwarf mass and luminosity functions and will enable 
a host of candidate targets for follow-up by the Spitzer post-cryo mission 
and the James Webb Space Telescope.


The Pan-STARRS View on the Extended Solar Neighborhood

Speaker: Eugene Magnier, K.C. Chambers, N. Kaiser for the Pan-STARRS Team
UH IfA / Pan-STARRS

The Pan-STARRS 1 Telescope (PS1), nearing completion on Haleakala on
the island of Maui in Hawaii, will begin survey operations in 2007.
PS1 will perform several complementary optical and near-infrared
surveys, including the 3 pi Survey which will repeatedly observe the
sky north of -30 degrees in five filters: grizy.  The photometric
accuracy of this survey (10 millimags) and especially the astrometric
accuracy (10 milliarcsec) will allow an unparallel census of the nearest
100 pc.  The PS1 Telescope will observe the full 3 pi steradians 12 times
in each of the 5 filters over the 3 year mission, yielding parallax
detections for all stellar objects within roughly 100 pc, and proper-motion
measurements for objects substantially more distant.  When coupled with the
substantial throughput of the camera at 1 micron, this survey will discover
hundreds of T dwards and thousands of L dwarfs, and will enable a wide
variety of studies of the cool stars in the extended solar neighborhood.


----------------------------------