XIII. Contributors to IRAS

IRAS Explanatory Supplement
XIII. Contributors to IRAS

Telescope Development
Spacecraft
Integration and Test
Launch
Ground Operations Software
Operations
Data Reduction
Pre-publication Catalogs
Explanatory Supplement
The Printed Version of the IRAS Catalogs

A.1. Telescope Development

The Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL), operated by Caltech, and the NASA Ames Research Center managed the telescope development.

The participants in the project management activities at JPL were: M. J. Alazard, D. Bane, A. P. Bowman, F. E. Bristow, J. W. Clough, A. G. Conrad, S. L. Conrad, K. R. Cooke, M. Y. Cook. G. G. Coyle, W. Crosson, R. R. Dagelen, D. A. Elliott, R. Hernandez, G. J. Hodges, R. F. Klotz, K. G. Korkus, L. L. Lievense, D. Low, S. L. Molina, M. B. Murrill, H. Otake, G. K. Robinson, C. J. Silvio, C. W. Snyder, J. W. Stockemer, R. F. Stoff, J. J. Van der Woude, and R. H. White.

The participants in the telescope system management at Ames Research Center were: D. L. Ciffone, D. Compton, P. Dyal, R. R. Nunamaker, G. W. Thorley, and L. S. Young.

JPL personnel who participated in the telescope development and testing were: K. Ahlberg, B. Anderson, D. M. Anderson, B. Beidebach, T. J. Borden, L. Broms, B. D. Brown, G. G. Coyle, D. M. Engler, E. L. Floyd, J. A. Garba, J. R. Gatewood, A. Giandomenico, W. Gin, C. S. Guernsey, E. J. Heising, K. G. Holmes, L. E. Hovland, H. B. Hotz, W. P. Hubbard, H. W. Jackson, J. C. Koenig, J. J. Landeros, D. E. Lanford, H. Lin, H. R. Long, R. A. Mallgren, D. P. Martin, P. V. Mason, S. D. Mayall, L. F. McGlinchey, F. A. Morelli, K. I. Moyd, F. L. Murphy, W. C. Neiderheiser, C. D. Newby, W. G. Orchard, H. Otake, T., Ozawa, J. D. Patzold, D. Petrac, S. W. Petrick, W. I. Purdy, B. Rax, J. Real, R. Richter, D. K. Rubin, W. M. Ruff, D. R. Rupnik, R. P. Salazar, C. N. Sasaki, K. B. Sigurdson, J. Slonski, J. F. Smith, Jr., J. B. Stephens, G. E. Tennant, E. F. Tubbs, E. Tward, H. D. Von Delden, L. Wen, J. Winther, J. L. Wolfe, C. Wong, E. C. Wong, W. Wood, and F. H. Wright.

In addition, JPL personnel were added that specifically worked during the period of the focal plane redesign. These personnel were: R. H. White, A. Bailey, M. N. Carney, C. D. Carter, S. Chavez, C. T. Cruzan, B. C. Debusk, C. G. Derkson, S. Dodge, D. Eastwood, H. L. Fitzhugh, R. Frazer, D. E. George, J. K. Hofman, R. Irigoyen, C. C. LaBaw, J. O. Lonborg, C. G. Lowell, M. Marquess, M. J. McKelvey, W. Powell, J. J. Simmonds, S. Thompson, A. Toppits, L. S. Varnell, and J. Vasbinder.

At Cornell University, D. Briotta, P. Graf, and G. Gull helped develop the retrofit 100 µm detectors.

At the University of Arizona, K. Armstrong, and R. Kurtz helped develop the 60 and 100 µm filters and the JFET modules. The spectral response of the Ge detectors and the long-term radiation effects on the Si and Ge detectors were also measured. E. Young devised the "bias boost" strategy. The internal reference sources, components of the spectral filters and the JFET modules were manufactured at Infrared Laboratories, Inc., Tucson, Arizona with the assistance of L. Richardson.

Ames Research Center personnel who participated in the telescope system development were: G. Anderson, S. Baker, C. Ball, W. Barrows, T. Bridges, W. Brooks, D. Cusano, G. De Young, M. Dix, L. Edsinger, A. Fernquist, W. Gilbreath, J. Goebel, T. Harmount, R. Hedlund, G. Hillen, E. Iufer, P. Kittel, M. Kiya, R. Lavond, C. Leidich, K. Lorell, H. Lum, Jr., C. McCreight, E. Melugin, G. Nothwang, C. Neel, R. Pittman, L. Polaski, F. Prevost, J. Prucha, S. Rathjen, C. Ritchie, C. Robbins, E. Somer, W. Vanark, J. Vorreiter, R. Walker, T. Weber, C. Yetka, and E. Zimmerman.

The definition study management team at GSFC consisted of E. Hymowitz, S. Mosier, and M. Mumma.

The major companies participating in the design and development of the telescope were:

Ball Aerospace Systems Division - Telescope System

Rockwell International - Focal Plane

Perkin-Elmer Corporation - Optics

Personnel participating in the design and development of the telescope system at Ball Aerospace Systems Division were: T. Abbott, D. Adam, T. Alarez, L. Anderson, R. Anderson, L. Andreozzi, R. Arentz, H. Argue, J. Austin, J. Bamberg, C. Barkley, A. Barner, R. Barnes, W. Beck, R. Bemis, W. Bengston, M. Berger, V. Berry, R. Bingham, K. Booth, R. Bradford, J. Briggs, J. Brown, J. Byrnes, W. Cash, H. Chameroy, C. Chambellam, J. Conlan, L. Cotsamire, J. Cowder, J. Cowley, J. Cox, F. Cutter, N. Daly, R. Darnell, D. Davis, T. Davis, D. Dehogg, L. Derouin, W. Deshler, W. Devereux, C. Downey, J. Droge, J. Duncan, G. Emerson, J. Emming, P. Encinias, D. Erickson, M. Erickson, B. Etheridge, D. Evans, B. Evans, L. Ferner-Sinn, L. Fisher, R. Fisher, T. Fleener, B. Fox, H. Freeman. L. Frobom, A. Gabriel, J. Gallegos, J. Godden, D. Grabosky, E. Gray, R. Greenwall, R. Grunz, T. Hadsell, R. Haight, W. Hammel, R. D. Hamlin, R. J. Hamlin, S. Hanley, M. Harrell, K. Hegy, R. Herring, R. Hershey, G. Hicks, D. Hillis, L. Hovda, R. Hopkins, L. Housewright, and L. Hughes. Others include P. Iverson, R. Jackman, G. James, S. Johnson, J. Johnson, J. Jones, M. Kerr, J. Kinsey, W. Lamb, K. Laughlin, T. Le Blanc, D. Lennon, J. Lester, D. Livingston, D. Lloyd, E. Long, R. Loomis, P. Lostroh, M. Maine, R. Manning, J. Marcantonio, J. Mateyka, D. Matthews, K. McDaniel, M. McKeever, V. McNeil, R. Mellon, R. Misch, A. Mord, W. Morley, G. Morris, D. Mount, H. Mynleiff, L. Nall, P. Nelson, M. Noble, P. Olbert, A. Olsen, C. Olson, R. Ortega, A. Pankaskie, D. Payne, J. Penner, K. Peterson, C. Pherson, H. Poehlmann, S. Porrine, M. Poyer, R. Price, P. Puzo, C. Rafferty, D. Regenbrecht, J. Reidy, R. Reinker, D. Roalstad, J. Rodgers, J. Rodriquez, K. Roller, L. Rouse, C. Rowe, H. Royer, S. Scott, G. Seigal, L. Smeins, G. Smiley, R. Snook, J. Sparks, N. Stoffer, D. Strecker, A. Stroeve, R. Sullivan, M. Swoboda, J. Tarpley, J. Taylor, D. Tennant, J. Thorngren, B. Tolhurst, J. Tracy, A. Urbach, D. Van Gundy, L. Vandello, S. Varlese, R. Viano, H. Vogt, J. Wanger, D. Warlick, R. Weary, H. Wells, R. Wendler, R. Werholz, W. Whitehead, W. Wickstrom, K. Willis, B. Wise, R. Wolfkiel, D. Wood, R. Woolley, R. Venne and N. Zaun.

Participants at Rockwell International were: G. Audick, B. R. Bailey, E.C. Banks, D. J. Chiaverini, C.M. Cornelius, M.E. Dews, R.F. Flanagan, W.H. Flaugh, A.L.Gable, C.L. Hall, D.O. Hopwood, E.R. Hutchinson, C. Ju Wu, M.S. Keith, L.W. Kelsey, R.M. Lack, E. Lax, W.C. Milo, J.C. Monson, D.G. Moss, A.J. Nicoli, M.D. Petroff, V.S. Pottas, C.A. Randolph, D. Randolph, D.L. Rawlins, J.C. Roth, J. Savela, N. Sclar, L. Silverstein, W.E. Southworth, A.S. Squillance, P.G. Tally, J.C. Torres, P.S. Vigneault, J.M. Walz, and J.V. Westling.

Participants at Perkin-Elmer were: B. Alte, R. Altenhof, W. Arndt, J. Ashinasi, J. Bacich, T. Barletto, B. Boyce, W. Craighead, J. Dunn, G. Erdtmann, G. Fabich, G. Ferrera, D. Gabriel, L. Gardella, M. Gillen, F. Gillespie, S. Gowrinathan, R. Grosso, W. Gunther, H. Hall, N. Harned, R. Harned, G. Hawkins, A. Hellerung, G. Huse, R. Jones, R. Jung, D. Kittel, T. Konoski, G. Lester, E. Lotocki, C. McGlynn, M. McGuirk, J. Malloy, J. Mandle, D. Marshall, M. Matrullo, P. Mehta, H. Moeller, P. Naiden, B. Nardella, V. Nichols, R. Noll, J. Oberheuser, T. O’Neil, A. Osanitch, W. Papas, R. Paquin, W. Petrie, D. Phillips, C. Radcliff, R. Rowley, J. Russo, M. Schreibman, D. Shafer, F. Sileo, J. Stites, R. Stoll, D. Stramiello, J. Tolan, D. Trost, N. Vancho, B. Voytek, A. Westfall, N. Woodbury, P. Young, and P.S. Young.

The additional focal plane instrument (DAX) was designed, developed, manufactured, and tested by the Laboratory for Space Research, University of Groningen, with assistance from the Technical Physics Department of the Netherlands Organisation for Applied Research (TPD-TNO). Participants were J. Evers, A. de Jonge, W. Luinge, K. Wildeman, W. Werner, and J. Achthoven.

A.2. Spacecraft

The spacecraft was designed and built by ICIRAS, an industrial consortium of Fokker and Signaal, the Dutch National Aerospace Laboratory (NLR) as a subcontractor. Participating at Fokker, Signaal and NLR were: W. van Es, R. Grijseels, P. Kant, H. Koot, J. Keijzer, W. Ligtenberg, C. de Leng, T. Olivierse, P. de Pijper, W. Pasteuning, G. Rietdijk, R. Schuren, J. Seeboldt, M. Vreeman, H. Vreeling, R. Waayer, D. Weber.

Participants in the design and development at Fokker, Signaal, and NLR were: H. Bakker, W. Berkepeis, R. van Bezooyen, H. Buiter, J. Bisschop, P. Buurs, J. Field, A. Fok, R. Gibson, W. de Graaf, J. van de Heuvel, D. Jongeling, J. Kanis, A. Koekenberg, F. Loorevaar, G. van der Kruys, W. van der Laan, P. Lindhout, S. Maltaric, A. Mooij, J. Nolte, D. Noordhorn, N. Pennings, J. Piebinga, F. Rekers, H. Rouws, W. Schenck, D. Schermer, B. Scholte van Marst, H. Sprengers, N. Smilde, M. Thijssen, P. Verveen, J. Wantsing, M. Wattel, J. van der Weerdt, C. van Wesel, H. Witte, J. Wijker, J. Wijnen.

Apart from involvement in design and development, the following persons also prepared and carried out the spacecraft check-out monitoring during operations: E. Boom, J. van Casteren, R. van Doorn, M. van Dijk, G. Hameetman, L. Karsten, K. de Kluiver, M. Lamers, W. van Leeuwen, J. Prins, A. Pouw, C. P. R. C. Slippens, A. van Swieten, F. Teule, and C. van der Voort Maarschalk.

A.3. Integration and Test

The ICIRAS industrial consortium (Fokker and Signaal), assisted by NLR, had the prime responsibility for the satellite integration and test effort. Their Integration and Test team cooperated with that of JPL and with specialists from Ball Aerospace. The success in making this a unified effort was a major accomplishment of the IRAS project. Personnel supporting the integration and test of the satellite from JPL were: M.J. Alazard, G. Alba, D.M. Anderson, M.J. Argoud, J.C. Beckert, C. Beichman, D.J. Boatman, K. Breski, L. Broderick, B.D. Brown, R. Brown, R.W. Burt, L.V. Butler, N. Carte, W.J. Castellana, A.G. Conrad, G.G. Coyle, R. Daniel, F. Geno, D.C. Hammond, J. Harrel, E.J. Heising, J. Holbrook, W.R. Irace, J. Johnstone, J. Juric, F.L. Lane, T. Laney, P.V. Mason, J. MacConnell, J. Meehan, F.L. Murphy, E. Nave, J.D. Patzold, K. Port, D.L. Potts, D. Rosing, D.S. Ross, C.N. Sasaki, W. Schaefle, T. Shain, R.L. Sicol, A.G. Silliman, J.J. Simmonds, J.P. Slonski, S.T. Smith, L. Steimle, M. Temple, P. Van Velzer, J. Vasbinder, W. Walker, R. Weaks, C. Weidmann, R.H. White, V.A. Wirth, Jr., and W.R. Woods. Those individuals who supported the satellite test and integration from BASD were: L.C. Andreozzi, D.K. Chaffey, L.D. Davis, D.A. Durbin, R. O. Einerston, N. Erickson, E.C. Long, N.E. Magette, V.B. McNeill, R. M. Paris, W.E. Pinon, D.P. Runyon, C. A. Springer, J.L. Tucker, J.L. Tracy, Jr., A.R. Urbach, R.G. Voorhees, and J.A. Wells. Support provided by individuals at Fokker, Signaal, and NLR were: A. Bleekrode, C. Blom, R. van de Brink, J. Buesink, H. Carrington, H. Van Daalen, A. Van Dorsten, H. Hanekamp, D. van’t Hof, L. Huesken, J. Klaaskate, H. Keppel, J. Kollen, W. Kollen, J. Lageman, T. Lamberts, M. Van Leeuwen, P. Moes, R. Nicolai, W. van Nifterick, R. Overgauw, T. Pasteuning, C. Schmeitink, A. Van Soolingen, B. Stenneke, J. van der Straaten, C. Taylor, S. Tensen, H. Vaassen, D. Van de Vegt, J. Verhey, A. Vialle, J. Webbers, P. Wielsma, J. Zuidam, and J. Zwarts.

A.4. Launch

The NASA Delta Project Office at the Goddard Space Flight Center and the Delta Launch Operations of the Kennedy Space Center were responsible for the launch of the satellite.

A.5. Ground Operations Software

The software for the IRAS Ground Operations (IGO) was developed by a joint team from NLR and RAL under the management of R. van Holtz, R. Holdaway and A. Buck, and consisted of L. Baldwin, L. Barendse, I. Beharrel, A. Chipperfield, T. Dimbylow, D. Drummond, R. Ely, J. McDougall, B. Miller, K. Mount, E. Oord, P. de Pagter, W. Pol, M. Reid and H. Young. The onboard software was the responsibility of the NLR.

The Preliminary Analysis Software, managed by G. Thomas, was written by J. Abolins, P. Barber, J. Fairclough, S. Green, S. Martin, M. Oliver, J. Renes, P. Richards, A. Stevens and B. Stewart.

A.6. Operations

The overall running of the mission was coordinated by the Mission Operations Manager, R. van Holtz, and his deputy A.J. Rogers. Operations at the Rutherford Appleton Laboratories, Chilton, Oxfordshire, were managed by H. Bevan, A. Buck, R. Holdaway, A. Lowe, J. McDougall, P. McPherson, M. Reid and G. Thomas.

The generation of the IRAS Satellite Observation Plans was the responsibility of the IRAS Ground Operations Team consisting of J. MacDougall, L. Baldwin, J. Gourlay, S. Martin, E. Oord, W. Pol, G. Spalding and H. Young.

Commanding of the satellite and receipt of the data were performed by the Chilton Operations Team led by D. Ewart, L. Harris, B. Rathbone, J. Stenning and J. Wright.

Monitoring of the housekeeping data and a preliminary analysis of the scientific data were the responsibility of the Post Pass Analysis and Science Suport Team consisting of J. Abolins, T. Dimbylow, J. Fairclough, K. Mount, M. Oliver and P. Richards. H. Walker monitored the short-term progress of the survey and modified the Observations Plans accordingly.

J. MacDougall and B. Stewart had overall responsibility for maintaining the uplink and downlink software respectively.

The Chilton Operations Support Team of H. Bevan, J. Cathrew, B. Champion, A. Chipperfield, A. Smith and G. Walkers maintainted the ground hardware and provided support facilities.

W. McLaughlin, S. Lundy, and D. Wolff designed and implemented the details of the survey strategy with the assistance of C. Lau, H. Ling, R. Schlaifer and V. Wang.

JPL personnel supporting operations at RAL were: A.I. Beers, B.D. Brown, J.B. Carraway, P.E. Doms, D.M. Engler, W.R. Irace, D.E. Langford, P.V. Mason, J.J. Rakiewicz, R.P. Salazar, C.W. Snyder and T. Sweetser.

Personnel supporting operations at JPL were: D. Bender, D.C. Bluhm, D.F. Finnerty, J.A.Holladay, E.D. Jahelka, and R.J. Springer.

A.7. Data Reduction

The survey observations were reduced to their final form at the Science Data Analysis System (SDAS) facility at JPL. The final data processing system was developed under the management of J. Duxbury, T. Chester, P. Poulson, W. Scholey and W. Underwood. System design was by P. Poulson, D. Wittman and D. McCreary. Raw data input and conversion was by B. Sorensen and S. Pang. Calibration was by D. Elliot and S. Wheelock. Data detection was by T. Hibbard. Pointing reconstruction was by H. McCallon. Confirmation was by J. Fowler, E. Rolfe and H. Pham. Small extended sources was by E. Rolfe and R. Pomphrey. Sky flux was by R. Stagner and R. Narron. Deep sky was by E. Kopan. Final product processing for the point source catalog was by T. Chester, C. Beichman, R. Beck, J. Bennett, J. Chillemi, N. Chin, T. Conrow, C. Oken, T. Sesplaukis and D. Wittman. Data base design was by T. Sesplaukis, C. Biller, J. Chillemi and F. Akers. Asteroid extraction was by S. Peters, T. Kia and J. Fowler. Simulation was by S. Kitzis and K. Moyd. User support software was by J. Bennett. Science and operations analysis by T. Chester and R. Benson. Image processing was by B. Hartley.

Post processing and product analysis was by T. Conrow, J. Good, D. Gregorich, P. Hacking, G. Helou, S. Pohjala, C. Oken, W. Rice, D. Walker, P. Ramsey and K. Sedwick.

Operations and technical support at JPL was accomplished by a team managed by J. Duxbury, T. Chester, R. Von Allmen, G. Smith and G. Lairmore. The data management team consisted of G. Smith, G. Lairmore, R. Beck, M. Alexander, H. Ashby, R. Bailey, S. Banks, S. Bedrossian, G. Benn, A. Bollin, M.R. Boykins, B.R. Brewer, I. Chan, J. Cisneros, T.J. Crawford, W. Currie, D.M. Engler, I.M. Esquivel, L. Fischer, D.E. Fritsche, L. Fullmer, G.W. Garneau, M. Garza, D. Hermsen, D. Hines, O. Hodges, L.M. Hughes, C.N. Hull, D. Hurwitz, D. Jackson, T. Jay, G. Johnson, B. Kaneshiro, B. Kahr, L. Lampley, L.A. Lloyd, C. Lonsdale, P.J. Lynn, Jr., T.G. MacDuff, F. Macias, I. Miller, N. Parson, G.S. Pate, L.E. Perrine, W.H. Peters, B. Pondo, J. Radbill, P. Ramsey, L. Ray, D. Richardson, E. Robles, A.L. Sacks, M.S. Saul, K. Sedwick, B. Smith, A.E. Stansel, W. Starr, S. Taylor, N.W. Thomas, W.J. Trimble, R. Urban, B.M. Vance, J.E. Walsh, L.L. White, C. Wiley, J.L. Wilson, Jr., and C.A. Wolfe.

The compilation of astronomical catalogs for the final processing was the responsibility of a group at GSFC consisting of J. Mead, T. Nagy and R. Hill.

A.8. Pre-Publication Catalogs

The following people and organizations outside the IRAS project provided catalogs on short notice and before publication: S. Kleinman and R. Joyce - catalog of accurate positions of sources from the Two Micron Sky Survey; M.P. Veron-Cetty and P. Veron - the Catalog of Quasars and Active Nuclei; the European Southern Observatory - the ESO/Uppsala Survey of the ESO(B) Atlas; J. Huchra - catalog of Seyfert galaxies; D. Gezari - the Catalog of Infrared Observations; and R. Hill - the most up-to-date version of the CLAS catalog. We also acknowledge the efforts of W. Warren and the Astronomical Data Center at the NASA Goddard Space Flight Center in providing many of the astronomical catalogs used during the IRAS mission and data processing.

A.9. The Explanatory Supplement

The Explanatory Supplement was assembled with the enthusiastic assistance of J. Boyd, S. Conrad, R. Dumas (Hernandez), S. Foster, R. Hernandez, S. Livingston, P. Neill, C. Race, J. Serpa. J. Boyd and R. Dumas (Hernandez) helped prepare the second edition of the Supplement.

A.10. The Printed Version of the IRAS Catalogs

The computer typeset versions of the IRAS catalogs were prepared by C. Oken, R. Beck and D. Turney. K. Simon oversaw the publication of the IRAS catalogs and the Supplement.

IRAS Explanatory Supplement XIII. Contributors to IRAS